This is an obstacle to the genetic evaluation of a large number of species. Nevertheless, in case of conifers, due to the large genomes, only a few species have been sequenced, so far. Īn important way to obtain genetic information is by genome sequencing. In these conditions, taking into consideration the genetic information related to adaptation is fundamental in developing conservation strategies. Aridity influences drought-response trait differentiation and genetic divergence among populations. The SNPs detected may have important applications in further studies of adaptive genetic variation, providing tools to study relevant genes important in the long-term adaptation of pine species.įocus on plant response to environmental stress is becoming increasingly important, as most future climate scenarios suggest climate change that imply an increase in aridity of many areas, causing abiotic stress and seriously threatening natural ecosystems. cembra and tested for transferability in Scots pine, our results give support for the use of de novo markers targeting conserved regions across different pines. By providing de novo molecular markers developed in P. In a total of 3735 sites no indels, eight synonymous and 11 non-synonymous SNPs were found. After sequencing and BLAST search of the amplified products, parts of 19 different candidate genes were analysed by considering the polymorphic sites, insertions/deletions as well as synonymous and non-synonymous SNPs. sylvestris DNA samples originating from three different types of habitat. In this study novel PCR markers, based on stress responsive genes, were designed from the transcriptome of the haploxylon Swiss stone pine ( Pinus cembra L.) and tested for SNPs in the diploxylon Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.). The analysis of their sequence helps in developing molecular markers, such as SNPs, which represent a useful tool in detecting adaptive signals in populations. Massively parallel sequencing of cDNA is an efficient route for generating sequence collections that represent expressed genes under different environmental control.
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